A bilayer scaffold consisting of a thermoplastic and thermoset has been fabricated via duo-mold imprinting method. The molds used in this fabrication are with comparable surface energy. The preferential demolding between the two molds was achieved by utilizing the adhesion difference between the molds and the two polymers while the transfer of the polymers from the mold to the substrate was guided by the large contrast of surface energy between the mold and the substrate. The use of thermoset polymer imparts the thermal and mechanical stabilities into the imprinted structures so that a higher imprinting temperature is feasible. A higher imprinting temperature is found to facilitate the transfer of the imprinted polymer from the mold to the substrate by enhancing the wetting between the polymer and the substrate. (c) 2006 American Vacuum Society.