The influence of effective deposition potential on the orientation and diameter of Bi1-xSbx alloy nanowire arrays by pulsed electrodeposition technique was reported. X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analysis show that the orientation of the Bi1-xSbx nanowires can be turned from the [110] to the [202] direction by increasing the effective deposition potential, and the nanowires fully fill in the pores of the AAM in the lower potential region, while in the higher potential region the nanowires partly fill the pores of the AAM. The origin of those phenomena and the growth mechanism of the nanowire are discussed together with composition analysis.