In this paper, a new adaptive internal model control (IMC) controller is proposed based on just-in-time learning (JITL) technique for nonlinear process control. The parameters of the proposed IMC controller are updated not only based on the information provided by the JITL, but also its filter parameter is adjusted online by an adaptive learning algorithm. Compared with the previous nonlinear IMC controller design methods, it is straightforward for the proposed method to obtain the model inversion based on the JITL modelling technique. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the advantage of the proposed adaptive IMC controller design over its conventional counterpart.