Effect of salt concentration on production of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Thraustochytrium aureum ATCC 34304

Dong-Hoon Kang; Eun-Jin Jeh; Jeong-Woo Seo; Byung-Hee Chun; Byung-Ki Hur

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.24, No.4, 651-654, July, 2007

DOI10.1007/s11814-007-0019-5 Export Citation

Effect of salt concentration on production of polyunsaturated fatty acids in Thraustochytrium aureum ATCC 34304

Dong-Hoon Kang¹, Eun-Jin Jeh¹, Jeong-Woo Seo^{1, 2}, Byung-Hee Chun³, and Byung-Ki Hur^{1, 3, †}

¹Department of Biological Engineering and Institute of Biotechnological Industry, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea
²Molecular Bioprocess Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 305-806, Korea
³Industrial Biotechnology & Marine Resources Center, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea

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This study attempted to characterize the effects of NaCl and MgSO4 as the primary components of sea salt affecting the yields of production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) by Thraustochytrium aureum ATCC 34304. Reductions in the NaCl concentration of the culture medium suppressed the formation of palmitic acid (PA, C16 : 0) but enhanced the production of PUFAs, which induced an increase of the concentration of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22 : 6) up to 46.65% from 44.26%. MgSO4 revealed a similar, yet more highly significant, effect on the fatty acids profile than NaCl. The yields of PUFAs and DHA showed maximum values such as 67.10% and 49.47%, respectively, at the concentration of 10 g L.1 for NaCl and 0 g L.1 for MgSO4. However, the quantities of mono- and diunsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid (OA, C18 : 1) and linoleic acid (LA, C18 : 2) at the same concentrations, were compared with those of normal culture medium. Additionally, it was investigated that the increase of culture temperature reduced PUFAs contents but the reductions were recovered by the removal of MgSO4 form the culture medium, which showed that concentration of salts and culture temperature affected independently the production of PUFAs in T. aureum.

Keywords:Thraustochytrium aureum;Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs);Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA);Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA);Salt Effect

[References]

Gascon A, Jacques H, Moorjani S, Deshaies Y, Brun LD, Julien P, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 63, 315 (1996)
Braden LM, Caroll KK, Lipids, 21, 285 (1986)
Fenton WS, Hibbeln J, Knable M, Biol. Psychiatry, 47, 18 (2000)
Peet M, Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids, 70, 417 (2004)
Tisdale MJ, J. Nutr., 129, 243S (1999)
Tocher DR, Leaver MJ, Hodgson PA, Prog. Lipid Res., 37, 73 (1998)
Simopoulos AP, Leaf A, Salem N, Ann. Nucl. Metab., 43, 127 (1999)
Ward OP, Singh A, Process Biochem., 40, 3627 (2005)
Gunstone FD, Blackie Academic, London (1996)
Gunstone FD, In: F.D. Gunstone, R. J. Hamilton, (eds.) Oleochemical manufacture and application. Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, pp 1 (2001)
Tuominen TR, Esmark M, (WWW Report 02/03) WWF, Oslo (2003)
Yamamura R, Shimomura Y, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 74, 1435 (1997)
Barclay WR, Meager KM, Abril JR, J. Appl. Phycol., 6, 123 (1994)
Kyle DJ, Lipid. Technol., 8, 107 (1996)
Ratledge C, In: F. D. Gunstone, (ed.) Structural and modified lipids, Dekker, New York, pp 367 (2001)
Bull AT, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 18(2), 137 (2001)
Kang KY, Ahn DH, Wilkinson GT, Chun BS, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 22(3), 399 (2005)
Sijtsma L, de Swaaf ME, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 64(2), 146 (2004)
Yokochi T, Honda D, Higashihara T, Nakahara T, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 49(1), 72 (1998)
Bajpai PK, Bajpai P, Ward OP, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 68, 509 (1991)
Cho DW, Song SK, Kim WH, Hur BK, Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 33, 51 (2005)
Jeong YS, Song SK, Lee SJ, Hur BK, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 11, 127 (2006)
Burja AM, Radianingtyas H, Windust A, Barrow CJ, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., DOI 10.1007/s00253-006-0419-1 (2006)
Hur BK, Cho DW, Kim HJ, Park CK, Suh HJ, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 7, 10 (2002)
Goldstein S, Annual Rev. Microbiol., 27, 13 (1973)
Lepage G, Roy CC, J. Lipid Res., 25, 1391 (1984)
Iida I, Nakahara T, Yokochi T, Kamisaka Y, Yagi H, Yamaoka M, Suzuki O, J. Ferment. Bioeng., 81(1), 76 (1996)

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[2] Braden LM, Caroll KK, Lipids, 21, 285 (1986)

[3] Fenton WS, Hibbeln J, Knable M, Biol. Psychiatry, 47, 18 (2000)

[4] Peet M, Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids, 70, 417 (2004)

[5] Tisdale MJ, J. Nutr., 129, 243S (1999)

[6] Tocher DR, Leaver MJ, Hodgson PA, Prog. Lipid Res., 37, 73 (1998)

[7] Simopoulos AP, Leaf A, Salem N, Ann. Nucl. Metab., 43, 127 (1999)

[8] Ward OP, Singh A, Process Biochem., 40, 3627 (2005)

[9] Gunstone FD, Blackie Academic, London (1996)

[10] Gunstone FD, In: F.D. Gunstone, R. J. Hamilton, (eds.) Oleochemical manufacture and application. Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, pp 1 (2001)

[11] Tuominen TR, Esmark M, (WWW Report 02/03) WWF, Oslo (2003)

[12] Yamamura R, Shimomura Y, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 74, 1435 (1997)

[13] Barclay WR, Meager KM, Abril JR, J. Appl. Phycol., 6, 123 (1994)

[14] Kyle DJ, Lipid. Technol., 8, 107 (1996)

[15] Ratledge C, In: F. D. Gunstone, (ed.) Structural and modified lipids, Dekker, New York, pp 367 (2001)

[16] Bull AT, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 18(2), 137 (2001)

[17] Kang KY, Ahn DH, Wilkinson GT, Chun BS, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 22(3), 399 (2005)

[18] Sijtsma L, de Swaaf ME, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 64(2), 146 (2004)

[19] Yokochi T, Honda D, Higashihara T, Nakahara T, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 49(1), 72 (1998)

[20] Bajpai PK, Bajpai P, Ward OP, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 68, 509 (1991)

[21] Cho DW, Song SK, Kim WH, Hur BK, Kor. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 33, 51 (2005)

[22] Jeong YS, Song SK, Lee SJ, Hur BK, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 11, 127 (2006)

[23] Burja AM, Radianingtyas H, Windust A, Barrow CJ, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., DOI 10.1007/s00253-006-0419-1 (2006)

[24] Hur BK, Cho DW, Kim HJ, Park CK, Suh HJ, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 7, 10 (2002)

[25] Goldstein S, Annual Rev. Microbiol., 27, 13 (1973)

[26] Lepage G, Roy CC, J. Lipid Res., 25, 1391 (1984)

[27] Iida I, Nakahara T, Yokochi T, Kamisaka Y, Yagi H, Yamaoka M, Suzuki O, J. Ferment. Bioeng., 81(1), 76 (1996)