Highly crystallized anatase nanotubes and nanorods were prepared by rolling of molecular nanosheets, i.e., lepidocrocite, by surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method in low temperature (413 K). Alcohol played an important role for deintercalation of the surfactant between lepidocrocite nanosheets. Morphology of nanoscale anatase TiO2 materials was controlled by choosing pH and composition.