Nanosize particles of aluminum nitride have been successfully synthesized by a pulsed wire discharge (PWD). Intense pulsed current through an aluminum wire evaporated the wire to produce a high-density plasma. The plasma was then cooled by an ambient gas mixture of NH3/N-2, resulting in nitridation. As a result, nanosize particles of aluminum nitride were formed. The average particle diameter was found to be similar to28 nm with a geometric standard deviation of 1.29. The maximum AIN content of 97% in the powders was achieved by optimizing various parameters: the gas pressure, the ratio of NH3 and N-2, the wire diameter, the pulse width, and the input electrical energy. The ratio of the AIN powder production to the electrical energy consumption was evaluated as similar to40 g/(kW.h). Thus, PWD is a very efficient and promising method to synthesize nanosize powders of AIN.