In this paper, the spectroscopic properties of bismuth borate glasses doped with different Nd3+ concentrations have been investigated. The intensity parameters Omega(t) (t = 2, 4, 6), spontaneous emission probability, fluorescence lifetime, radiative quantum efficiency, fluorescence branching ratio, and stimulated emission cross section were determined. The highest radiative quantum efficiency of the glasses is 54%. The optimal Nd3+ concentration in the glasses is proposed for high quantum efficiency. The good spectroscopic properties show the possible utilization of the Nd3+ doped bismuth borate glasses as laser materials.