The microwave assisted synthesis is generally much faster, cleaner and more economical than the conventional methods. The combination of microwave and hydrothermal techniques has been used Ill the last few years for the synthesis of nanocrystalline powders. We present here a versatile process of novel microwave-solvothermal technique for synthesizing nanocrystalline CdS particles. The effect of different parameters such as time, temperature, solvents and molar ratio of Cd2+ to thiourea on the phase(s) formation of nanocrystalline cadmium sulfide under micrawave-solvothermal conditions using microwaves of 2.45 GHz frequency are investigated. The obtained CdS is characterized by the powder X-ray diffraction and SEM.