Self-assembled In2O3 nanocrystal chains have been synthesized by a vapor transport and condensation method. The nanocrystal chains were straight and with diameters of 100-200 nm. The nanocrystal and nanowire were found to be of the same orientation. The pyramid and triangular slab-like nanostructures were also found and discussed. The possible formation mechanism of these nanostructures is discussed. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.