Light as an information carrier has several advantages over electrons: it can carry a larger amount of information at a greater speed in dielectric materials than electrons can in a metallic wire, the bandwidth of a dielectric material is much larger than that of a metal, and energy losses are reduced. In this review, the construction and nonlinear optical and piezoelectric properties of dielectric superlattices are discussed. It is shown that these microstructured materials have a significant effect on optic and acoustic wave processes and that the microstructure can be controlled using modern experimental techniques.