It has been generally viewed that salicylates ameliorate type 2 diabetes through interfering with the NF-kappa B signaling. Earlier studies indicated that IKK beta was the key for the development of insulin resistance. However, it was unknown whether IKK beta itself, or its downstream target, NF-kappa B, plays major roles in insulin resistance. New data suggest that NF-kappa B and NF-kappa B-regulated cytokines are crucial for the diabetogenesis. Published by Elsevier Inc.