계면중합을 이용한 살충제의 마이크로캡슐화에 관한 연구. 1. 유용성 약제가 들어있는 폴리우레탄 마이크로 캡슐의 제조

최길영; 민경석; 박인환; 김광수; 장태현

Polymer(Korea), Vol.14, No.4, 392-400, August, 1990

Microencapsulation of Pesticides by Interfacial Polymerization 1. Polyurethane Microcapsules Containing Oil-Soluble Drug

최길영, 민경석, 박인환, 김광수, 장태현

초록

말단에 이소시아네이트기가 있는 프리폴리머와 에틸렌 글리콜을 물과 시클로헥산온의 계면에서 계면부가중합하여 살충제인 2,2''-디클로로에테닐디메틸포스페이트 (DDVP)가 내부에 들어 있는 폴리우레탄 마이크로캡슐을 제조하였다. 얻어진 마이크로캡슐의 크기는 분산제의 농도와 교반속도가 증가함에 따라 작아졌다. 그러나 입도분포는 프리폴리머의 화학적 조성이나 유기층의 농도변화에는 거의 영향을 받지 않았다. 따라서 마이크로캡슐의 막두께는 유기층내의 프리폴리머의 농도를 변화시킴으로써 효과적으로 조절이 가능하였다. 제조한 마이크로캡슐로부터 DDVP의 방출 속도는 전형적인 영차 방출거동을 따랐으며 막두께가 증가할 수록 감소되는 경향을 나타내었다. 그러나 막의 조성물질의 화학구조는 방출속도에 뚜렷한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 따라서 약제의 방출은 고분자 매트릭스를 통한 확산에 의한 것이라기 보다는 폴리우레탄 마이크로캡슐막의 다공성 구조를 통한 것으로 생각된다.

Polyurethane microcapsules containing pesticide, 2,2''-dichloroethenyldimethylphosphate (DDVP), were prepared by the interfacial addition polymerization of isocyanate-terminated prepolymer with ethylene glycol in the interface between water and cyclohexanone. The sizes of the obtained microcapsules were decreased as the concentration of suspending agent and agitation speed increased. But the size distribution was not sensitive with the variations of chemical compositions of prepolymer and concentration in oil phase Therefore, the wall thickness of microcapsule could be effectively controlled by the amount of prepolymer in oil phase. The release rate of DDVP from the prepared microcapsules showed a typical zero-order release behavior and was decreased as the wall thickness increased. However, no significant variation in release rate was noticed as the chemical structure of wall material changed. Thus it is believed that the major path of drug fumigation is due to the porous structure of polyurethane microcapsule wall rather than the diffusion through polymer matrix.

[References]

Langer R, Peppas N, Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys., C23(1), 61 (1983)
Langer R, Chem. Eng. Commun., 6, 1 (1980)
Tanquary AC, Lacey RE, "Controlled Release of Biologically Active Agents," 1974, Plenum Press (1974)
Nate Cardarelli, "Controlled Release Pesticides Formulation," 1976, CRC Press, Inc. (1976)
Paul DR, Harris FW, "Controlled Release Polymeric Formulation," ACS (1976)
Lewis DH, "Controlled Release of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals," Plenum Press (1981)
Fuyama H, J. Pesticide Sci., 9, 511 (1984)
Thies C, Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng., 5, 1 (1975)
Pfister G, J. Control. Release, 3, 229 (1986)
McCormick CL, J. Macromol. Sci.-Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 22, 57 (1983)
McCormick CL, J. Control. Release, 4, 97 (1986)
Heller J, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 22, 1991 (1978)
Lappas LC, J. Pharm. Sci., 56, 1257 (1967)
Ishihara K, Polym. J., 16, 625 (1984)
Zenter GM, J. Pharm. Sci., 67, 1352 (1978)
Grolleman CWJ, J. Control. Release, 4, 119 (1986)

[Referenced By]

[1] Langer R, Peppas N, Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys., C23(1), 61 (1983)

[2] Langer R, Chem. Eng. Commun., 6, 1 (1980)

[3] Tanquary AC, Lacey RE, "Controlled Release of Biologically Active Agents," 1974, Plenum Press (1974)

[4] Nate Cardarelli, "Controlled Release Pesticides Formulation," 1976, CRC Press, Inc. (1976)

[5] Paul DR, Harris FW, "Controlled Release Polymeric Formulation," ACS (1976)

[6] Lewis DH, "Controlled Release of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals," Plenum Press (1981)

[7] Fuyama H, J. Pesticide Sci., 9, 511 (1984)

[8] Thies C, Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng., 5, 1 (1975)

[9] Pfister G, J. Control. Release, 3, 229 (1986)

[10] McCormick CL, J. Macromol. Sci.-Rev. Macromol. Chem. Phys., 22, 57 (1983)

[11] McCormick CL, J. Control. Release, 4, 97 (1986)

[12] Heller J, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 22, 1991 (1978)

[13] Lappas LC, J. Pharm. Sci., 56, 1257 (1967)

[14] Ishihara K, Polym. J., 16, 625 (1984)

[15] Zenter GM, J. Pharm. Sci., 67, 1352 (1978)

[16] Grolleman CWJ, J. Control. Release, 4, 119 (1986)