Over the last decade, monoliths or continuous beds have emerged as an alternative to traditional packed-bed columns for use in capillary electrochromatography (CEC) and micro-high performance liquid chromatography (mu-HPLC). Monolithic columns can be divided into two categories: silica-based monolithic columns and rigid organic polymer-based monolithic columns resulting from the polymerization of acrylamide, styrene, acrylate or methacrylate monomers. In this paper, the chemistry and most recent applications of these various types of monoliths in both CEC and mu-HPLC are presented.