Nanostructured thermal spray coatings have been intensively studied because of their potential in a wide variety of industrial applications. In the present paper, current development status of nanostructured thermal spray coatings is presented, mainly based on the results of the authors. In the nanostructured WC-Co wear-resistant coatings, the influence of feedstock characteristics on the coating properties was discussed to suggest the desirable morphology of feedstock for thermal spraying. For the nanostructured Cr2O3 based solid-lubricant coatings, the advanced feedstock has been developed in order to solve the inhomogeneity problem of the conventional coatings. Various properties of the nanostructured coatings were evaluated and compared with those of the conventional counterparts. These results clearly demonstrate that the significant improvement in coating performance can be achieved by utilizing proper nanostructured coatings. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.