Aims: The main objective of the present study was to estimate the survival of microaerophilic Campylobacter jejuni in filtered natural mineral water at 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C. The influence of the presence of biodegradable organic matter was tested, assuming that the bacterial contamination of a bottled natural mineral water could be associated with contamination by organic matter. Methods and Results: Washed Campylobacter cultures were inoculated in natural mineral water and sterile natural mineral water, and incubated in the dark at 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C. The effect of temperature, the biodegradable organic matter added, incubation atmosphere and autochthonous microflora were tested on the cultivability of Camp. jejuni. Conclusions: The survival of Camp. jejuni in natural mineral water was better at 4 degrees C than at 25 degrees C, and the presence of organic matter led to a deceleration in the loss of cultivability and to the multiplication of Camp. jejuni in natural mineral water. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study highlighted the fact that, in the event of dual contamination of a bottled natural mineral water (Campylobacter and biodegradable organic matter), the pathogen could survive (and even grow) for a relatively long time, especially at low temperature and in spite of the presence of oxygen.