Ninety-eight percent of the carbon dioxide emissions in India are accounted for by energy related activities, Of this, nearly 48% is contributed by biomass combustion and the balance by the combustion of fossil fuel, The current paper presents some of the indicators of energy use in India including per capita energy consumption levels, the structure of energy consumption as well as efficiency of its utilization, The paper concludes by looking at some of the short and medium term projections for energy demand and their implications for CO, emissions and discusses the measures that need to be put in place to ensure a more effective utilization of energy, Particular attention is given to the current reforms in India＇s energy sector and the role of appropriate energy pricing is highlighted.