This paper reviews the efforts made with electricity conservation and DSM programs in Brazil in the recent past. The principal end uses in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors are considered. The status of various electricity-saving measures is examined along with initiatives developed by the National Electricity Conservation Program (PROCEL), utilities and other agencies. While some progress has been made, there remains enormous potential for cost-effective efficiency improvements. We conclude with a discussion of strategies for intensifying electricity conservation efforts in the future.