Improvement in the coagulation performance by combining Al and Fe coagulants in water purification

Sun-Jong Lee; Yoon-Jin Lee; Sang-ho Nam

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.25, No.3, 505-512, May, 2008

DOI10.1007/s11814-008-0085-3 Export Citation

Improvement in the coagulation performance by combining Al and Fe coagulants in water purification

Sun-Jong Lee, Yoon-Jin Lee^{1, †}, and Sang-ho Nam²

Marin Pollution Control Division, Gunsan Coast Guard, 9-9 Soryongdong, Gunsan Si, Jeollabukdo 573-400, Korea
¹Department of Environmental Engineering, Cheongju University, 36, Naedok-dong, Sangdang-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 360-764, Korea
²Department of Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, 1, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea

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This study evaluated the beneficial effects on the coagulation process of combining coagulants with Fe and Al in the removal of turbidity and DOC (dissolved organic carbon), and proposed conditions for proper operation of a coagulation process. In addition, the floc characteristics and sludge dewater ability were evaluated. Blended coagulants were more effective than single coagulants at lower concentrations in water purification. The optimal blended ratio for the removal of DOC was 1.45 mM as Al/mM as Fe. Also, blended coagulants were less affected than single coagulants by pH, temperature, and rapid mixing intensity. Based on the results of the change in the apparent molecular weight distribution (AMWD) of DOC in raw and treated water by coagulation, low molecular weight organic matters were removed by 40.7% for the blended coagulant (1.45 mM as Al/mM as Fe). Blended coagulants formed larger flocs than single coagulants did. At pH 6.0, floc strength and sludge dewaterablity were both improved.

Keywords:DOC;Turbidity;Coagulation;Water Treatment;Floc;Blended Coagulant

[References]

Choi KJ, Kim SG, Kim CW, Park JK, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 23(3), 399 (2006)
Rook JJ, Wat. Treatment & Exam., 23, 234 (1974)
Joret JC, Levi Y, Volk C, Water Sci. Technol., 24, 95 (1991)
Yoon TH, Thesis of Master, Konkuk University (1999)
Ko YS, Lee YJ, Nam SH, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 24(2), 253 (2007)
Moon CH, Lee YJ, Ko YS, Nam SH, J. ofKSSE, 25, 227 (2003)
Merlet N, Prevost M, Merlet Y, Coallier J, Sciences de I'Eau, 5, 143 (1991)
Rook JJ, J. AWWA, 68, 168 (1976)
Singer PC, Chang SD, J. AWWA, 81, 61 (1989)
Edzwald JK, Becker WC, Wattier KL, J. AWWA, 77, 122 (1985)
Reckhow DA, Singer PC, Malcolm RL, Environ. Sci. Technol., 24, 1655 (1990)
Camp TR, Root DA, J. AWWA, 32, 1913 (1940)
Kawamura S, J. AWWA, 70, 328 (1976)
Morris JW, Knocke WR, J. AWWA, 76, 74 (1984)
Mhaisalkar VA, Paramasivam R, Bhole AG, Water Res., 25, 43 (1991)
Muyibi SA, Evison LM, Water Res., 29, 2689 (1995)
Rossini M, Garrido JG, Galluzzo M, Water Res., 33, 1817 (1999)
Semmens MJ, Field TK, J. AWWA, 72, 476 (1980)
Crozes G, White P, Marshall M, J. AWWA, 87, 78 (1995)
Gregor JE, Nokes CJ, Fenton E, Water Res., 31, 2949 (1997)
Myung BT, Woo DS, Choi JH, Lee YJ, Nam SH, Kor. J. Env. Hlth. Soc., 27, 60 (2001)
Dharmappa HB, Verink J, Fujiwara O, Vigneswaran S, Water Res., 27(3), 513 (1993)
Li DH, Ganczarczyk JJ, CRC Crit. Rev. Environ. Control., 17, 53 (1986)
Furrey MJ, Kneser M, Henderson E, Proc. AWWA. 25th. WQTC, Denver (1997)
Biggs CA, Lants PA, Water Res., 34, 2542 (2000)
Selomulya C, Amal R, Bushell G, Waite TD, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 236(1), 67 (2001)
Johnson PN, Amirtharajah A, J. AWWA, 75, 232 (1983)
Edzwald JK, Water Sci. Technol., 27, 11 (1993)
Vesilind PA, J. WPCF, 60, 215 (1988)
APHA, AWWA and WEF, Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (19th edition), Washinton, D.C. (1995)
Amy GL, Sierka RA, Bedessem J, Price D, Tan L, J. AWWA, 84, 67 (1992)
Benschoten JEV, Edzwald JK, Water Res., 24, 1519 (1990)

[Referenced By]

[1] Choi KJ, Kim SG, Kim CW, Park JK, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 23(3), 399 (2006)

[2] Rook JJ, Wat. Treatment & Exam., 23, 234 (1974)

[3] Joret JC, Levi Y, Volk C, Water Sci. Technol., 24, 95 (1991)

[4] Yoon TH, Thesis of Master, Konkuk University (1999)

[5] Ko YS, Lee YJ, Nam SH, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 24(2), 253 (2007)

[6] Moon CH, Lee YJ, Ko YS, Nam SH, J. ofKSSE, 25, 227 (2003)

[7] Merlet N, Prevost M, Merlet Y, Coallier J, Sciences de I'Eau, 5, 143 (1991)

[8] Rook JJ, J. AWWA, 68, 168 (1976)

[9] Singer PC, Chang SD, J. AWWA, 81, 61 (1989)

[10] Edzwald JK, Becker WC, Wattier KL, J. AWWA, 77, 122 (1985)

[11] Reckhow DA, Singer PC, Malcolm RL, Environ. Sci. Technol., 24, 1655 (1990)

[12] Camp TR, Root DA, J. AWWA, 32, 1913 (1940)

[13] Kawamura S, J. AWWA, 70, 328 (1976)

[14] Morris JW, Knocke WR, J. AWWA, 76, 74 (1984)

[15] Mhaisalkar VA, Paramasivam R, Bhole AG, Water Res., 25, 43 (1991)

[16] Muyibi SA, Evison LM, Water Res., 29, 2689 (1995)

[17] Rossini M, Garrido JG, Galluzzo M, Water Res., 33, 1817 (1999)

[18] Semmens MJ, Field TK, J. AWWA, 72, 476 (1980)

[19] Crozes G, White P, Marshall M, J. AWWA, 87, 78 (1995)

[20] Gregor JE, Nokes CJ, Fenton E, Water Res., 31, 2949 (1997)

[21] Myung BT, Woo DS, Choi JH, Lee YJ, Nam SH, Kor. J. Env. Hlth. Soc., 27, 60 (2001)

[22] Dharmappa HB, Verink J, Fujiwara O, Vigneswaran S, Water Res., 27(3), 513 (1993)

[23] Li DH, Ganczarczyk JJ, CRC Crit. Rev. Environ. Control., 17, 53 (1986)

[24] Furrey MJ, Kneser M, Henderson E, Proc. AWWA. 25th. WQTC, Denver (1997)

[25] Biggs CA, Lants PA, Water Res., 34, 2542 (2000)

[26] Selomulya C, Amal R, Bushell G, Waite TD, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 236(1), 67 (2001)

[27] Johnson PN, Amirtharajah A, J. AWWA, 75, 232 (1983)

[28] Edzwald JK, Water Sci. Technol., 27, 11 (1993)

[29] Vesilind PA, J. WPCF, 60, 215 (1988)

[30] APHA, AWWA and WEF, Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (19th edition), Washinton, D.C. (1995)

[31] Amy GL, Sierka RA, Bedessem J, Price D, Tan L, J. AWWA, 84, 67 (1992)

[32] Benschoten JEV, Edzwald JK, Water Res., 24, 1519 (1990)