Simultaneous removal of organic and inorganic pollutants in tannery wastewater using electrocoagulation technique

Sangkorn Kongjao; Somsak Damronglerd; Mali Hunsom

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.25, No.4, 703-709, July, 2008

DOI10.1007/s11814-008-0115-1 Export Citation

Simultaneous removal of organic and inorganic pollutants in tannery wastewater using electrocoagulation technique

Sangkorn Kongjao, Somsak Damronglerd, and Mali Hunsom^†

Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phaya Thai Rd., Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

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Tannery wastewater can cause severe environmental problems related to its high chemical oxygen demand, high biochemical oxygen demand, high total suspended solids, high oil and grease contents together with the elevated chromium concentration and objectionable color. The one-step electrocoagulation process was carried out to simultaneously remove chromium and various pollutants from tannery wastewater at ambient temperature in the laboratory scale. Low-cost commercial iron plates were employed in this study as anodes and cathode materials. Effects of various parameters were investigated including types of electrode configuration, initial pH of wastewater (7-9), current density (15.7-24.6 Am.2) and circulating flow rate of wastewater (0-3.67 lmin.1). The optimum condition was found by applying the mono-polar electrode in a parallel connection at the current density of 22.4 Am.2, flow rate of wastewater of 3.67 lmin.1 and 20 min electrolysis time. The initial pH of wastewater ranging from 7-9 provided the similar removal efficiency. At optimum condition, more than 95% of chromium and pollutants except TKN and TDS were eliminated from the wastewater and the properties of the treated wastewater met the standard and permitted to discharge into the environment. The required energy consumption at optimum condition was less than 0.13 kWhm.3 wastewater. In addition, the COD reduction was fit very well with the first-order kinetics model.

Keywords:Tannery Wastewater;Electrocoagulation;Chromium;Oil and Grease;Current Efficiency

[References]

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Vijayaraghvan K, Murthy DVH, Bioprocess Eng., 16(3), 51 (1997)
Wiemann M, Schenk H, Hegemann W, Water Res., 32, 774 (1998)
Di Iaconi C, Lopez A, Ramadori R, Passino R, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 3199 (2003)
Farabegoli G, Carucci A, Majone M, Rolle E, J. Environ. Manage., 71, 345 (2004)
Schrank SG, Jos HJ, Moreira RFPM, Schroder H, Chemosphere, 50, 411 (2003)
Sekaran G, Chitra K, Mariappan M, Raghavan KV, J. Environ. Sci. Health A, 31, 579 (1996)
Dogruel S, Ates GE, Germirli BF, Orhon D, J. Environ. Sci. Health A, 39, 1705 (2004)
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Vlyssides AG, Israilides CJ, Environ. Technol., 97, 147 (1997)
Szpyrkowicz L, Kelsall GH, Kaul SN, De Favei M, Chem. Eng. Sci., 56(4), 1579 (2001)
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Murugananthan M, Raju GB, Prabhakar S, Sep. Purif. Technol., 40(1), 69 (2004)
Ali Awan M, Baigl MA, Iqbal J, Aslam MR, Ijaz N, Electron. J. Environ. Agr. Food. Chem., 2 (2003)
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Mollaha MYA, Morkovskyb P, Gomesc JAG, Kesmezc M, Pargad J, Cockec DL, J. Hazard. Mater. B, 114, 199 (2004)
Hu CY, Lo SL, Kuan WH, Water Res., 37, 4513 (2003)
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[Referenced By]

[1] Ahn DH, Chung YC, Yoo YJ, Pak DW, Chang WS, Biotechnol. Lett., 18(8), 917 (1996)

[2] Vijayaraghvan K, Murthy DVH, Bioprocess Eng., 16(3), 51 (1997)

[3] Wiemann M, Schenk H, Hegemann W, Water Res., 32, 774 (1998)

[4] Di Iaconi C, Lopez A, Ramadori R, Passino R, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 3199 (2003)

[5] Farabegoli G, Carucci A, Majone M, Rolle E, J. Environ. Manage., 71, 345 (2004)

[6] Schrank SG, Jos HJ, Moreira RFPM, Schroder H, Chemosphere, 50, 411 (2003)

[7] Sekaran G, Chitra K, Mariappan M, Raghavan KV, J. Environ. Sci. Health A, 31, 579 (1996)

[8] Dogruel S, Ates GE, Germirli BF, Orhon D, J. Environ. Sci. Health A, 39, 1705 (2004)

[9] Di Iaconi C, Lopez A, Ricco G, Ramadori R, J. Anal. Environ. Cultur. Herit. Chem., 91, 587 (2001)

[10] Orhon D, Sszen S, Cokgsr EU, Ates E, IAWQ 19th Biennial International Conference, 256 (1998)

[11] Song Z, Williams CJ, Edyvean RGJ, Desalination, 164(3), 249 (2004)

[12] Shin HS, Lee JK, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 23(2), 188 (2006)

[13] Shin SH, Kim YH, Jung SK, Suh KH, Kang SG, Jeong SK, Kim HG, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 21(4), 806 (2004)

[14] Chen GH, Sep. Purif. Technol., 38(1), 11 (2004)

[15] Naumczyk J, Szpyrkowicz L, De Faveri R, Zillio Grandi F, T. I. Chem. Eng. B, 74, 59 (1996)

[16] Szpyrkowicz L, Naumczyk J, Zilio-Grandi F, Water Res., 29, 517 (1995)

[17] Vlyssides AG, Israilides CJ, Environ. Pollut., 97, 147 (1997)

[18] Szpyrkowicz L, Kelsall GH, Kaul SN, De Favei M, Chem. Eng. Sci., 56(4), 1579 (2001)

[19] Vlyssides AG, Israilides CJ, Environ. Technol., 97, 147 (1997)

[20] Szpyrkowicz L, Kelsall GH, Kaul SN, De Favei M, Chem. Eng. Sci., 56(4), 1579 (2001)

[21] Rajalo G, Petrovskaya T, Environ. Technol., 17, 605 (1996)

[22] Murugananthan M, Raju GB, Prabhakar S, Sep. Purif. Technol., 40(1), 69 (2004)

[23] Ali Awan M, Baigl MA, Iqbal J, Aslam MR, Ijaz N, Electron. J. Environ. Agr. Food. Chem., 2 (2003)

[24] Tiravanti G, Petruzzelli D, Passino R, Water Sci. Technol., 36, 197 (1997)

[25] Panswad T, Chavalparit O, Chandung C, Waste Manage. Res., 19, 450 (2001)

[26] APHA, AWWA, WEF. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th ed. Part 3111 B (1998)

[27] Kongkao S, A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Program in Chemical Technology, Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn university, Bangkok, Thailand (2005)

[28] Mollaha MYA, Morkovskyb P, Gomesc JAG, Kesmezc M, Pargad J, Cockec DL, J. Hazard. Mater. B, 114, 199 (2004)

[29] Hu CY, Lo SL, Kuan WH, Water Res., 37, 4513 (2003)

[30] Jiang JQ, Graham N, Andre C, Kelsall GH, Brandon N, Water Res., 36, 4064 (2002)

[31] Kim TH, Park C, Shin EB, Kim S, Desalination, 150(2), 165 (2002)

[32] Hunsom M, Vergne H, Duverneuil HP. Pruksathorn K, Damronglerd S, Proceeding of 6th World Congress of Chemical Engineering, Melbourne, Australia (2001)

[33] Ram B, Bajpai PK, Parwana HK, Proc. Biochem., 35, 255 (1999)

[34] Balakrishman PA, Arunagiri A, Rao PG, J. Electrostat., 56, 77 (1999)

[35] Kongjao S, Damronglerd S, Hunsom M, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 24(5), 730 (2007)