Clean Technology, Vol.14, No.3, 204-210, September, 2008
비가수분해 솔-젤법으로 제조한 V2O5-TiO2 촉매를 이용한 황화수소의 선택 산화반응
Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide Using V2O5-TiO2 Catalyst Prepared by Nonhydrolytic Sol-Gel Method
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초록
비가수분해 솔-젤법에 의하여 여러 가지 조성의 V2O5-TiO2 촉매를 합성하여 특성분석을 실시하고 황화수소의 선택 산화반응에 대한 촉매성능을 고찰하였다. 이 V2O5-TiO2 촉매는 높은 표면적을 가지고 VOx가 작은 입자로 잘 분산되어 있었고, 환원성도 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 12 wt% 이상의 바나디아 담지량부터는 결정성 V2O5가 관찰되어 H2S의 전환율을 감소시키는 결과를 초래하였다. 이 방법으로 제조된 V2O5-TiO2 촉매는 통상의 제로젤(xerogel) 촉매나 함침 촉매에 비해 높은 반응활성을 보여 주었고, 암모니아와 물이 포함된 조건에서도 황화수소를 선택산화시켜 이산화황을 거의 발생시키지 않고 환경친화적이고 안전한 물질인 원소 황(sulfur)과 티오황산암모늄(ATS)으로 회수할 수 있었다.
A series of V2O5-TiO2 xerogel catalysts were prepared by nonhydrolytic sol-gel method and analysed by various characterization techniques. These catalysts showed much higher surface areas and total pore volumes than conventional V2O5-TiO2 xerogel and impregnated V2O5/TiO2 catalysts. It was found that the textural property of V2O5-TiO2 material varies with the method and conditions of synthesis. Surface vanadates and TiO2 anatase phase are the crucial factors to obtain high catalytic activities. The selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide in the presence of excess water and ammonia was studied over these catalysts. Xerogel catalysts prepared by non-hydrolytic sol-gel method showed very high conversion of H2S without harmful emission of SO2. The highest catalytic activity shown by these V2O5-TiO2 catalysts may be due to their high surface area and good dispersion of vanadia species in the titania matrix.
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