상전환 공정에 의한 폴리설폰막의 제조에 있어 제막용액에 첨가된 톨루엔의 영향

최승락; 박소진; 서범경; 이근우; 한명진; Seung-Rag Choi; So-Jin Park; Bum-Kyoung Seo; Kune Woo Lee; Myeong-Jin Han

Journal of the Korean Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.19, No.6, 633-639, December, 2008

Export Citation

상전환 공정에 의한 폴리설폰막의 제조에 있어 제막용액에 첨가된 톨루엔의 영향

Effect of Toluene Added to Casting Solution on Characteristic of Phase Inversion Polysulfone Membrane

최승락, 박소진 , 서범경¹, 이근우¹, 한명진 ^{2, †}

충남대학교 화학공학과
¹한국원자력연구소 제염해체기술연구부
²경일대학교 디스플레이화학공학과

Seung-Rag Choi, So-Jin Park , Bum-Kyoung Seo¹, Kune Woo Lee¹, and Myeong-Jin Han^{2, †}

Chemical Engineering, Division of Applied Bio-Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejoen 305-764, Korea
¹Division of Decommissioning Technology Development, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon 305-353, Korea
²Department of Display and Chemical Engineering, Kyungil University, Kyungbuk 712-701, Korea

E-mail:

초록

상전환법을 이용하여 폴리설폰, n-메틸피롤리돈과 톨루엔으로 이루어진 제막용액으로부터 고분자 분리막이 제조되었다. 톨루엔은 폴리설폰에 대한 비용매로서 제막용액에 첨가되었으며, 침지용 비용매로는 이소프로필알코올이 사용되었다. 제조된 모든 분리막은 밀집 형상의 표면층과 스폰지 형상의 하부층으로 구성된 이중구조 형태의 비대칭성 구조를 보였다. 첨가된 톨루엔은 제막용액의 열역학적 성질을 변화시켜 열역학적 상분리를 촉진하는 역할을 할 수 있음을 보였으며, 제조된 분리막은 톨루엔을 첨가에 의해 막의 표면층 두께가 증가하는 특성을 보였다. 분리막의 투과 특성을 측정한 결과, 톨루엔이 첨가되었을 때 밀집 표면층의 두께 증가에도 불구하고 거의 동일한 배제율을 유지하면서 투과 플럭스는 5배 이상 증대하는 효과를 보였다.

Polysulfone membranes were prepared via the phase inversion process. Toluene was added as a nonsolvent additive in the casting solution containing a mixture of polysulfone and n-methylpyrrolidone. When prepared via the diffusion-induced process using isopropanol as a precipitation nonsolvent, the solidified membranes revealed a similar asymmetric structure irrespective of the addition of toluene, presenting both a dense skin layer and a sponge-like support layer. The added toluene played a role of enhancing liquid-liquid phase separation of the casting solution, and skin layer thickness of a prepared membrane increased with toluene content in the casting solution. On membrane performance, the solute rejection showed a uniform behavior irrespective of the addition of toluene. However, in spite of the significant increase in dense skin layer thickness, the water permeation through the membrane prepared with 60 wt% toluene revealed five times as much flux, compared with that of the membrane prepared without toluene additive.

Keywords:membrane;phase inversion;polysulfone;nonsolvent additive;permeation

[References]

Royte E, A tall, cool drink of sewage?, New York Times, Aug. 8 (2008)
Altena FW, Smolders CA, Macromolecules, 15, 1491 (1982)
Boom RM, Wienk IM, Van den Boomgaard T, Smolders CA, J. Membrane Sci., 73, 277 (1992)
Cohen C, Tanny GB, Prager S, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys., 17, 477 (1979)
Gaids GE, McHugh AJ, Polymer, 30, 2118 (1989)
Radovanivic P, Thiel SW, Hwang ST, J. Membrane Sci., 65, 213 (1992)
Reuvers AJ, Altena FW, Smolders CA, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys., 24, 793 (1986)
Wijmans JG, Knat J, Mulder HHV, Smolders CA, Polymer, 26, 1539 (1985)
Wienk IM, Boom RM, Beerlage MA, Bulte AM, Smolders CA, Strathmann H, J. Membr. Sci., 113(2), 361 (1996)
Cabasso I, Klein E, Smith JK, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 20, 2377 (1976)
Kim SS, Lloyd DR, Polymer, 33, 1026 (1992)
Han MJ, Desalination, 121(1), 31 (1999)
Han MJ, Bhattacharyya D, J. Membr. Sci., 98(3), 191 (1995)
Tam CM, Dal-Cin M, Guiver MD, J. Membrane Sci., 78, 123 (1993)
Han MJ, Nam ST, J. Membr. Sci., 202(1-2), 55 (2002)
Chakrabarty B, Ghoshal AK, Purkait MK, J. Membrane Sci., 315, 36 (2008)
Polymer Handbook, eds. Brandrup J, Immergut H, Grulke EA, Wiley, New York, 4th ed. (1999)
CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters, ed. Barton AFM, CRC Press,: Boca Raton, FL, 4th ed. (1991)
Principles of Polymer Systems, ed. Rodriguez F, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2nd ed. (1982)
Riddick JA, Bunger WB, Sakano TK, Organic Solvents Physical Properties and Methods of Purification, 4th ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York (1986)
Nam ST, Han MJ, Membrane J., 11, 89 (2001)
Reid RC, Prausnitz JM, Gherwood TK, The Properties of Gases and Liquids, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York (1977)

[Related Articles]

[1] Royte E, A tall, cool drink of sewage?, New York Times, Aug. 8 (2008)

[2] Altena FW, Smolders CA, Macromolecules, 15, 1491 (1982)

[3] Boom RM, Wienk IM, Van den Boomgaard T, Smolders CA, J. Membrane Sci., 73, 277 (1992)

[4] Cohen C, Tanny GB, Prager S, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys., 17, 477 (1979)

[5] Gaids GE, McHugh AJ, Polymer, 30, 2118 (1989)

[6] Radovanivic P, Thiel SW, Hwang ST, J. Membrane Sci., 65, 213 (1992)

[7] Reuvers AJ, Altena FW, Smolders CA, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Phys., 24, 793 (1986)

[8] Wijmans JG, Knat J, Mulder HHV, Smolders CA, Polymer, 26, 1539 (1985)

[9] Wienk IM, Boom RM, Beerlage MA, Bulte AM, Smolders CA, Strathmann H, J. Membr. Sci., 113(2), 361 (1996)

[10] Cabasso I, Klein E, Smith JK, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 20, 2377 (1976)

[11] Kim SS, Lloyd DR, Polymer, 33, 1026 (1992)

[12] Han MJ, Desalination, 121(1), 31 (1999)

[13] Han MJ, Bhattacharyya D, J. Membr. Sci., 98(3), 191 (1995)

[14] Tam CM, Dal-Cin M, Guiver MD, J. Membrane Sci., 78, 123 (1993)

[15] Han MJ, Nam ST, J. Membr. Sci., 202(1-2), 55 (2002)

[16] Chakrabarty B, Ghoshal AK, Purkait MK, J. Membrane Sci., 315, 36 (2008)

[17] Polymer Handbook, eds. Brandrup J, Immergut H, Grulke EA, Wiley, New York, 4th ed. (1999)

[18] CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters, ed. Barton AFM, CRC Press,: Boca Raton, FL, 4th ed. (1991)

[19] Principles of Polymer Systems, ed. Rodriguez F, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2nd ed. (1982)

[20] Riddick JA, Bunger WB, Sakano TK, Organic Solvents Physical Properties and Methods of Purification, 4th ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York (1986)

[21] Nam ST, Han MJ, Membrane J., 11, 89 (2001)

[22] Reid RC, Prausnitz JM, Gherwood TK, The Properties of Gases and Liquids, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York (1977)