The detrimental effect of direct gas sparging on insect cells was investigated in bubble columns with various gas flow rates and bubble sizes. The first-order cell death rate was shown to be directly proportional to the gas flow rate and inversely proportional to the bubble size. The specific killing volume of a bubble, killing volume per unit volume of bubble, was found to have a linear correlation with the specific interfacial area of a bubble. Based on these experimental results and the analysis of a bursting bubble at the liquid surface, it was concluded that the killing volume of a bubble is in the liquid layer surrounding the bubble before its rupture, and most important, in the liquid layer beneath the bubble cavity. Cell damage in the bubble film cap was relatively insignificant compared to that in the liquid layer underneath the bubble cavity, except for very large bubbles (i.e., bubble diameter over 5 mm).