The diverse configurations observed in amperometric biosensors can be attributed to the manipulation of several interrelated elements in the construction of these devices. This article highlights these elements and identifies approaches taken and the factors influencing the choice of the approaches. The results of a systematic literature review over a 2.5-year period (18 May 1992-21 November 1994) encompassing all of the elements in biosensor construction are used to evaluate the prevalence, and hence, acceptance of recent approaches with critical analysis applied to certain techniques. Future trends are predicted and possible directions discussed.