Electrochromic properties of porous nanostructured thin films of tungsten trioxide were investigated. Films were fabricated at normal and high vapor incidence angles with the technique of glancing angle deposition in a thermal evaporation chamber. A dry lithiation method was subsequently used to intercalate films with lithium atoms. Coloration in both visible and near-infrared regions was observed with lithium insertion. We report on the morphology, porosity, and optical properties of as-deposited and lithiated films, and discuss the role of substrate tilt in comparing the coloration efficiency of these films. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.