In this study, opportunities, challenges, and possibilities to develop a bed material for in-situ catalytic reduction of NOx during fluidized bed combustion have been identified. Various catalytic materials and processes for abatement of NOx at high temperatures are reviewed, which include De-NOx catalysis, catalytic decomposition, and selective catalytic oxidation of NOx precursors in combustion processes. Possibilities to utilize fly ash from combustion itself for the development are discussed. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.