Nitrogen-containing mesostructured cellular foam carbon (N-MCF-C) was synthesized by a templating method using mesostructured cellular foam silica (MCF-S) and polypyrrole as a templating agent and a carbon precursor, respectively. The N-MCF-C was then modified to have a positive charge, and thus, to provide a site for the immobilization Of [PMo10V2O40](5-). By taking advantage of the overall negative charge of [PMo10V2O40](5-), H5PMo10V2O40 (PMo10V2) catalyst was chemically immobilized on the N-MCF-C support as a charge-matching component. Characterization results showed that the PMo10V2 catalyst was finely dispersed on the N-MCF-C support via strong chemical interaction, and that the pore structure of N-MCF-C was still maintained even after the immobilization of PMo10V2. In the vapor-phase oxidation of benzyl alcohol, the PMo10V2/N-MCF-C catalyst showed a higher conversion and a higher oxidation activity (formation of benzaldehyde) than the unsupported PMo10V2 and PMo10V2/MCF-S catalysts. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.