The FRG has no economical access to crude oil. It is therefore an important future last, to organize a post-fossil sustainable era of material economy and to develop new processes based on alternative carbon sources. The change in raw material base is not a new experience for the chemical industry, it has always generated a wave of innovation and an economic boom. A precondition for this is to early develop scientific and technological bases for the new, yet age-old raw material base biomass and to use the existing know-how of petrochemistry, especially in the area of chemocatalysis.