Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol.108, No.6, 3942-3951, 2008
Moisture absorption behavior of epoxies and their S-2 glass composites
The influence of moisture exposure on the behavior of three toughened epoxy-amine systems (scrimp resins SC11, SC15, and SC79, Applied Poleramic, Inc., Benicia, CA) was investigated. Neat resin samples were conditioned by immersion in distilled water at 71 degrees C and in an environmental chamber at 85% relative humidity and 87.8 degrees C until saturation. The equilibrium weight gain ranged from 1.8 to 3.8% for the resins. The long-chain, low-crosslink-density epoxy system (SC11) absorbed the highest amount of water and was saturated first, and it was followed by the medium-crosslink-density (SC15) and high-crosslink-density materials (SC79). The moisture diffusivity decreased with the increasing crosslink density of the resins. The percentage reduction of the glass-transition temperature (T-g) at equilibrium moisture absorption was highest for the low-crosslink molecule. The percentage reductions for the medium-crosslink and higher crosslink systems were comparable. A net weight loss after drying was observed for the SC11 and SC79 resin systems. Fourier transform infrared analysis confirmed the segment breakage and leaching of molecules from the epoxy-amine network. The effects of moisture cycling on T,, were dependent on the epoxy-amine morphology. During the drying stage, T-g increased to a value higher than that of the unaged dry systems. The S-2 glass composite samples were conditioned under identical conditions for the resin system. Composite systems absorbed less moisture than the neat resins as expected. (C) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.