It is well known that interactions between epithelial components and mesenchymal components are essential for tooth development. Therefore, it has been postulated that both types of stem cells might be involved in the regeneration of dental hard tissues. Recently, mesenchymal dental Pulp stem cells that have odontogenic potential were identified from human dental Pulp. However, the existence of epithelial cells has never been reported in human dental pulp. In the present study, we isolated and characterized epithelial cell-like cells from human deciduous dental pulp. They had characteristic epithelial morphology and expressed epithelial markers. Moreover, they expressed epithelial stem cell-related genes such as ABCG2, Bmi-1, Delta Np63, and p75. Taken together, our findings suggest that epithelial stem cell-like cells might exist in human deciduous dental Pulp and might play a role as an epithelial component for the repair or regeneration of teeth. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.