An evaluation of eastern shale oil (ESO) residue as an asphalt additive to reduce oxidative age-hardening and moisture susceptibility was conducted. The ESO residue, having a viscosity of 23.9 Pa . s at 60 degrees C (140 degrees F), was blended with three different petroleum-derived asphalts, AAD-1, AAK-1, and AAM-1, that are known to be very susceptible to oxidative aging. Rheological and infrared analyses of the unaged and aged asphalts and the blends were then conducted to evaluate oxidative age-hardening. In addition, the petroleum-derived asphalts and the blends were coated onto three different aggregates, Lithonia granite (RA), a low-absorption limestone (RD), and a silicious Gulf Coast gravel (RL), and compacted into briquets. Successive freeze-thaw cycling was then conducted to evaluate the moisture susceptibility of the prepared briquets. The abbreviations used above for the asphalts and the aggregates are part of the Strategic Highway Research Program nomenclature. The rheological analyses of the unaged petroleum-derived asphalts and their respective blends indicate that the samples satisfy the rutting requirement. However, the aging indexes for the RTFO-aged and RTFO/PAV-aged samples indicate that the blends are stiffer than the petroleum-derived asphalts. This means that when in service the blends will be more prone to pavement embrittlement and fatigue cracking than the petroleum-derived asphalts. Infrared analyses were also conducted on the three petroleum-derived asphalts and the blends before acid after RTFO/PAV aging. In general, on RTFO/PAV aging, the amounts of carbonyls and sulfoxides in the samples increase, indicating that the addition of the ESO residue does not mitigate the chemical aging (oxidation) of the petroleum-derived asphalts. This information correlates with the rheological data and the aging indexes that were calculated for the petroleum-derived asphalts and the blends. The results of the moisture susceptibility test show that all of the briquets prepared using the petroleum-derived asphalts and the blends did not fail after 50 freeze-thaw cycles when constructed using aggregate RD. However, briquets prepared using asphalts AAD-1 and ABK-1 and the blends prepared from them failed at one freeze-thaw cycle when constructed using aggregates RA and RL. At concentrations of 10 and 15 mass % ESO residue in petroleum-derived asphalt AAM-1, some improvement in the cycles to failure was noted for briquets prepared using these blends coated onto aggregates RA and RL. The briquets prepared using the blend of 15 mass % ESO residue and AAM-1 failed at three cycles when coated onto aggregate RA and failed at two cycles when coated onto aggregate RL. To evaluate this apparent trend a blend of 30 mass % ESO residue and AAM-1 was prepared. When briquets prepared using this blend coated onto aggregates RA and RL were tested, the number of cycles to failure increased to seven and four, respectively. Thus, the trend was substantiated.