A GIS-based national emission inventory of major VOCs and risk assessment modeling: Part II - quantitative verification and risk assessment using an air dispersion model

Byoung Kyu Kwak; Jong Ho Kim; Hyeon-Soo Park; Nam Gyu Kim; Kyunghee Choi; Jongheop Yi

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.27, No.1, 121-128, January, 2010

DOI10.1007/s11814-009-0306-4 Export Citation

A GIS-based national emission inventory of major VOCs and risk assessment modeling: Part II - quantitative verification and risk assessment using an air dispersion model

Byoung Kyu Kwak, Jong Ho Kim, Hyeon-Soo Park¹, Nam Gyu Kim¹, Kyunghee Choi², and Jongheop Yi^†

Chemical & Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim-9-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea
¹TO21, Lotte Tower 402-Ho, Sindaebang 2-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-711, Korea
²National Institute of Environmental Research, Environment Research Complex, Gyeongseo-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon 404-170, Korea

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We compiled contour maps of the concentrations of major volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and corresponding chronic inhalation and carcinogenic risks in South Korea for the year 2004. We used the CALPUFF modeling system, an atmospheric dispersion model, to calculate the concentrations of five species of VOCs (benzene, ethylbenzene, styrene, toluene, and xylene). This modeling approach was used to validate the emission rates estimated in Part I of this study. The predicted concentrations show good overall agreement with the observed concentrations. In terms of risk assessment, we studied the chronic and carcinogenic effects on human health based on toxicity data and predicted concentrations of VOCs in ambient air. Risk levels were influenced by regional characteristics and spatial emission patterns. The results of such risk assessments could be used in support of air quality management in South Korea.

Keywords:CALPUFF;Contour Map;Regional Distribution;Risk Assessment;VOCs

[References]

Edwards JC, Kenyon EM, Air toxics and risk assessment, Lewis Publishers, USA, 256 (1991)
Finlaysonpitts BJ, Pitts JN, Science, 276(5315), 1045 (1997)
Elbir T, Atmos. Environ., 38, 4509 (2004)
Caputo M, Gimenez M, Schlamp M, Atmos. Environ., 37, 2435 (2003)
Homes NS, Morawska L, Atmos. Environ., 40, 5902 (2006)
Scire JS, Strimaitis DG, Yamartino RJ, A User’s Guide for the CALPUFF Dispersion Model (Version 5). Earth Tech, Inc. (2000)
Wang L, Parker DB, Parnell CB, Lacey RE, Shaw BW, Atmos. Environ., 40, 4663 (2006)
Ministry of Environment in Korea (MOE), Monthly report of air quality (2004)
Heinrich-ramm R, Jakubowski M, Heinzow B, Christensen JM, Olsen E, Hertel O, Pure Appl. Chem., 72, 385 (2000)
Integrated risk information system, USEPA (The United States Environmental Protection Agency) (2007)
Guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment, USEPA (The United States Environmental Protection Agency) (2005)
Cangialosi F, Intini G, Liberti L, Notarnicola M, Stellacci P, Waste Manage, 28, 885 (2008)
Ohura T, Amagai T, Fusaya M, Atmos. Environ., 40, 238 (2006)
Human health risk assessment Protocol for hazardous waste combustion facilities, USEPA (The United States Environmental Protection Agency) (1998)
Willmott CJ, Phys. Geogr., 2, 185 (1981)
Reza PZ, Kingham S, Pearce J, Sci. Total Environ., 349, 249 (2005)
Role of the baseline risk assessment in superfund remedy selection decisions, USEPA (The United States Environmental Protection Agency) (1991)

[Related Articles]

[1] Edwards JC, Kenyon EM, Air toxics and risk assessment, Lewis Publishers, USA, 256 (1991)

[2] Finlaysonpitts BJ, Pitts JN, Science, 276(5315), 1045 (1997)

[3] Elbir T, Atmos. Environ., 38, 4509 (2004)

[4] Caputo M, Gimenez M, Schlamp M, Atmos. Environ., 37, 2435 (2003)

[5] Homes NS, Morawska L, Atmos. Environ., 40, 5902 (2006)

[6] Scire JS, Strimaitis DG, Yamartino RJ, A User’s Guide for the CALPUFF Dispersion Model (Version 5). Earth Tech, Inc. (2000)

[7] Wang L, Parker DB, Parnell CB, Lacey RE, Shaw BW, Atmos. Environ., 40, 4663 (2006)

[8] Ministry of Environment in Korea (MOE), Monthly report of air quality (2004)

[9] Heinrich-ramm R, Jakubowski M, Heinzow B, Christensen JM, Olsen E, Hertel O, Pure Appl. Chem., 72, 385 (2000)

[10] Integrated risk information system, USEPA (The United States Environmental Protection Agency) (2007)

[11] Guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment, USEPA (The United States Environmental Protection Agency) (2005)

[12] Cangialosi F, Intini G, Liberti L, Notarnicola M, Stellacci P, Waste Manage, 28, 885 (2008)

[13] Ohura T, Amagai T, Fusaya M, Atmos. Environ., 40, 238 (2006)

[14] Human health risk assessment Protocol for hazardous waste combustion facilities, USEPA (The United States Environmental Protection Agency) (1998)

[15] Willmott CJ, Phys. Geogr., 2, 185 (1981)

[16] Reza PZ, Kingham S, Pearce J, Sci. Total Environ., 349, 249 (2005)

[17] Role of the baseline risk assessment in superfund remedy selection decisions, USEPA (The United States Environmental Protection Agency) (1991)