Two-dimensional Bi2MoO6 nanoplates were controllable synthesized by a hydrothermal process. An enhancement in the photo-to-current efficiency was observed over the two-dimensional Bi2MoO6 nanoplate thin-film photoelectrode with comparison to that of a solid state prepared Bi2MoO6 electrode. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the photoelectrode with a uniform surface morphology can be prepared using Bi2MoO6 nanoplate powder, which is beneficial for the transportation of photogenerated electrons to the surface due to the low boundary loss in the nanoplate thin film. The repulsive force increases due to the local structure variation of Bi2MoO6 nanoplates are considered to be the intrinsic factor for the enhancement of photo-to-current efficiency. (C) 2008 The Electrochemical Society.