화학공학소재연구정보센터
홈 로그인 로그아웃 연락처 사이트맵
Korean Chemical Engineering Research, Vol.47, No.6, 762-767, December, 2009
Export Citation
황산을 이용한 열대작물 오일의 전처리 반응 최적화 및 바이오디젤 생산
Optimization of Pre-treatment of Tropical Crop Oil by Sulfuric Acid and Bio-diesel Production
김덕근1, 2, 최종두1, 박지연1, 이진석1, 박승빈2, 박순철1, †
  • 1한국에너지기술연구원 바이오에너지연구센터, 305-343 대전시 유성구 장동 71-2
  • 2한국과학기술원 생명화학공학과, 305-701 대전시 유성구 구성동 373-1
Deog-Keun Kim1, 2, Jong-Doo Choi1, Ji-Yeon Park1, Jin-Suk Lee1, Seung-Bin Park2, and Soon-Chul Park1, †
  • 1Bio-energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 71-2 Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Korea
  • 2Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
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초록
해외 열대작물 씨앗에서 추출한 식물성 오일을 이용하여 바이오디젤을 생산하고 물성분석을 통해 차량연료로서의 사용가능성을 검토하는 연구를 수행하였다. 유리지방산 함량이 높은 열대작물 오일의 효율적인 바이오디젤 생산을 위해서는 유리지방산을 산촉매로 에스테르화한 후 전이에스테르화 반응하는 2단계 반응공정의 적용이 필요하였다. 전처리(에스테르화) 반응에 적합한 촉매를 선정하기 위해 3가지 산 촉매의 비교실험 수행 결과 황산이 최적 촉매임을 확인하였고, 반응표면분석법(response surface method, RSM)에 의해 도출한 최적 반응조건은 황산 촉매 0.982%와 메탄올 26.7%로 나타났다. 전이에스테르화 반응에 대한 최적화 실험을 반응표면분석법에 근거하여 수행하고, 결과로 KOH 촉매 1.24%, 메탄올 22.76%로 확인되었지만 본 연구팀의 선행 실험의 반응조건(KOH 0.8%)보다 과량의 촉매가 투입된 것으로 나타났다. 이에 대한 확인실험으로 메탄올과 촉매 투입량에 대한 추가 실험을 수행하였으며, 그 결과로서 최적반응조건으로 KOH 촉매 0.8%와 메탄올:오일 몰비 6.2:1로 도출하였으며 반응생성물의 분석결과 지방산 메틸에스테르(fatty acid methyl ester, FAME) 100.8%, 산가 0.45 mgKOH/g, 수분 0.00%, 산화안정성 0.70 h, 총 글리세롤 함량 0.04%, Mono-glyceride 함량 0.04%, Di-glyceride 함량 0.01%, Tri-glyceride 함량 0.00%, 동점도(40 ℃에서) 4.041 mm2/s, 저온필터막힘점 1.0 oC로 주요 바이오디젤 품질규격을 만족하는 것으로 나타났다.
In this study, the feasibility of using vegetable oil extracted from tropical crop seed as a biodiesel feedstock was investigated by producing biodiesel and analysing the quality parameters as a transport fuel. In order to produce biodiesel efficiently, two step reaction process(pre-treatment and transesterificaion) was required because the tropical crop oil have a high content of free fatty acids. To determine the suitable acid catalyst for the pre-esterification, three kinds of acid catalysts were tested and sulfuric acid was identified as the best catalyst. After constructing the experimental matrix based on RSM and analysing the statistical data, the optimal pre-treatment conditions were determined to be 26.7% of methanol and 0.982% of sulfuric acid. Trans-esterification experiments of the pre-esterified oil based on RSM were carried out, then discovered 1.24% of KOH catalyst and 22.76% of methanol as the optimal trans-esterification conditions. However, the quantity of KOH was higher than the previously established KOH concentration of our team. So, we carried out supplemental experiment to determine the quantity of catalyst and methanol. As a result, the optimal transesterification conditions were determined to be 0.8% of KOH and 16.13% of methanol. After trans-esterification of tropical crop oil, the produced biodiesel could meet the major quality standard specifications; 100.8% of FAME, 0.45 mgKOH/g of acid value, 0.00% of water, 0.04% of total glycerol, 4.041 mm2/s of kinematic viscosity(at 40 ℃).
Keywords:Biodiesel;Pre-Treatment;Transesterification;Sulfuric Acid;Tropical Crop Oil
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