Hydrogen-bonding dynamics in aqueous solutions of series of amides and acids have been investigated by means of femtosecond Raman-induced Kerr effect spectroscopy and ab initio quantum chemistry calculation. The amides and acids studied here are acetamide, 1,3-propanedicarboxamide, 1,3,5-pentanetricaroxamide, polyacrylamide with M-w = 1500, acetic acid, 1,3-propanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-pentanetricarboxylic acid, and poly(acrylic acid) with M-w = 2000. The femtosecond damped transient feature for aqueous amide solutions, which arises from the intermolecular hydrogen bonds of amide and water. becomes clearer with the larger molecular weight of amide. A characteristic vibrational band at about 100 cm(-1) is assigned as the hydrogen-bonding vibrational mode and the ab initio quantum chemistry calculation result indicates that at least two waters. which make up the hydrogen-bonding network with amide, are necessary for this mode. The hydrogen-bonding vibrational mode at about 100 cm(-1) in aqueous amide solutions shifts to the higher frequency with the larger molecular weight amide in consequence of the stronger intermolecular interaction between amide and water. The evidence likely comes from the stronger hydrophobic interaction for polymer than oligomers and monomer. In the picosecond time region, an extra slow relaxation process With a time constant of about 60 ps has been found in the aqueous polymer solutions. The relaxation is assigned as a local motion of the constitutional repeat unit of polymers from comparison with monomer and oligomers.