Poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) backbone was prepared by a combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and ring-opening polymerization (ROP). The structure of the comb polymer was analyzed by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). WAXD result indicates that the comb polymer has a crystalline modification with a 10(3) helical conformation. Lamellar parameters of the crystalline structure were obtained by one-dimension correlation function (1DCF) calculated from SAXS results. The calculations show that the thickness of crystalline layer is controlled by annealing temperature and comb structure. DSC was applied to study kinetics of the crystallization and melting behavior. Two melting peaks on melting curves of the comb polymer at different crystallization temperature were detected, and the peak at higher temperature is attributed to the melt-recrystallization. The equilibrium melting temperature is found to be influenced by the comb structure. In this article the effects of the comb structure on Avrami exponent, equilibrium melting point and melting peak of the comb polymer were discussed. (c) 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.