Evaluation of microcrystalline cellulose prepared from kenaf fibers

Dan Wang; Shi-bin Shang; Zhan-qian Song; Myoung-Ku Lee

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.16, No.1, 152-156, January, 2010

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2010.01.003 Export Citation

Evaluation of microcrystalline cellulose prepared from kenaf fibers

Dan Wang, Shi-bin Shang, Zhan-qian Song, and Myoung-Ku Lee^{1, †}

Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF; Key and Open Lab. on Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing 210042, China
¹Department of Paper Science & Engineering, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Republic of Korea

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A series of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were prepared from bleached kraft pulp of kenaf bast and core and compared with that from wood pulp. Hydrolysis of three kinds of pulp was carried out using hydrochloric acid. The properties of the produced MCC such as degree of polymerization (DP), crystallinity index (CrI), morphological features, bulk and tapping density, particle size and particle size distribution were examined, respectively. Highly native crystalline cellulose I form was characterized from all MCC samples. CrI values indicated that MCC from kenaf core (MCC-C) was more amorphous than both MCC from kenaf bast (MCC-B) and MCC from wood pulp (MCC-W). SEM micrographs showed that MCC-B and MCC-W displayed a rod-shaped morphology in their aggregates; MCC-C appeared to be a form of clusters. MCC-B had higher bulk and tapping density followed by MCC-W and MCC-C. The particle size distribution patterns indicated that all kinds of MCC samples fitted log-normal distribution and particle size mostly located in the range of 2-500 μm.

Keywords:Microcrystalline cellulose;Kenaf;Hydrolysis;Crystalline index

[References]

Battista OA, Ind. Eng. Chem., 42, 502 (1950)
Battista OA, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives, Wiley, New York, 1971, p. 1265.
Reier GE, Shangraw RF, J. Pharm. Sci., 55, 510 (1966)
Battista OA, Smith PA, Ind. Eng. Chem., 54, 20 (1962)
Nagavi BG, Mithal BM, in: Proceedings of the International Seminar on Management of Environmental Problems in the Pulp and Paper Industry, New Delhi, India, Sheth Publication, Delhi, India, 1982, p. 46.
Anand SM, Chawla JS, Res. Ind., 26, 227 (1981)
Tang LG, Hon DN, Pan SH, Zhu YQ, Wang Z, Wang ZZ, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 59(3), 483 (1996)
Muna SP, Jang JP, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(5), 743 (2009)
Uesu NY, Pineda EAG, et al., Int. J. Pharm., 26, 85 (2000)
Lee SY, Chun SJ, Kang IA, Park JY, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(1), 50 (2009)
Lee MK, Cho DH, Ryu SW, Korean J. Med. Crop Sci., 14, 307 (2006)
Yoon SL, Kim MJ, Lee MK, Pan Pacific Conference Proceedings, Seoul, Korea, (2006), p. 373.
Webber CL, Bledsoe RE, New Crops (1993) 416.
Lee MK, Yoon SL, J. Korea TAPPI, 35, 67 (2003)
Lee MK, Yoon SL, J. Korea TAPPI, 39, 45 (2007)
Lee MK, Kim MJ, Park EH, Wang D, Proceeding of Spring Conference of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, Chunchon, Korea, (2007), p. 310.
USP29/NF24 (United States Pharmacopeia 29/National Formulary 24), United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., Washington, DC, (2006), p. 3306.
Levis SR, Deasy PB, Int. J. Pharm., 213, 13 (2001)
Landin M, Martinez-Pacheco R, Gomez-Amoza JL, Souto C, Concheiro A, Rowe RC, Int. J. Pharm., 91, 123 (1993)
Segal LC, Martin AE, Conrad CM, Textile Res. J., 29, 786 (1959)
Klemm D, Philipp B, Heinze T, Heinze U, Wagenknecht W, Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry: Fundamentals and Analytical Methods, vol. 1, Wiley, New York (1998)

[Referenced By]

[1] Battista OA, Ind. Eng. Chem., 42, 502 (1950)

[2] Battista OA, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives, Wiley, New York, 1971, p. 1265.

[3] Reier GE, Shangraw RF, J. Pharm. Sci., 55, 510 (1966)

[4] Battista OA, Smith PA, Ind. Eng. Chem., 54, 20 (1962)

[5] Nagavi BG, Mithal BM, in: Proceedings of the International Seminar on Management of Environmental Problems in the Pulp and Paper Industry, New Delhi, India, Sheth Publication, Delhi, India, 1982, p. 46.

[6] Anand SM, Chawla JS, Res. Ind., 26, 227 (1981)

[7] Tang LG, Hon DN, Pan SH, Zhu YQ, Wang Z, Wang ZZ, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 59(3), 483 (1996)

[8] Muna SP, Jang JP, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(5), 743 (2009)

[9] Uesu NY, Pineda EAG, et al., Int. J. Pharm., 26, 85 (2000)

[10] Lee SY, Chun SJ, Kang IA, Park JY, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 15(1), 50 (2009)

[11] Lee MK, Cho DH, Ryu SW, Korean J. Med. Crop Sci., 14, 307 (2006)

[12] Yoon SL, Kim MJ, Lee MK, Pan Pacific Conference Proceedings, Seoul, Korea, (2006), p. 373.

[13] Webber CL, Bledsoe RE, New Crops (1993) 416.

[14] Lee MK, Yoon SL, J. Korea TAPPI, 35, 67 (2003)

[15] Lee MK, Yoon SL, J. Korea TAPPI, 39, 45 (2007)

[16] Lee MK, Kim MJ, Park EH, Wang D, Proceeding of Spring Conference of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry, Chunchon, Korea, (2007), p. 310.

[17] USP29/NF24 (United States Pharmacopeia 29/National Formulary 24), United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., Washington, DC, (2006), p. 3306.

[18] Levis SR, Deasy PB, Int. J. Pharm., 213, 13 (2001)

[19] Landin M, Martinez-Pacheco R, Gomez-Amoza JL, Souto C, Concheiro A, Rowe RC, Int. J. Pharm., 91, 123 (1993)

[20] Segal LC, Martin AE, Conrad CM, Textile Res. J., 29, 786 (1959)

[21] Klemm D, Philipp B, Heinze T, Heinze U, Wagenknecht W, Comprehensive Cellulose Chemistry: Fundamentals and Analytical Methods, vol. 1, Wiley, New York (1998)