A modified magnetic circuit method and a 2-d finite element procedure ?are presented here for the analysis of d.c. permanent magnet motors with differing armature, magnet and yoke lengths including non linear material behavior of steel and permanent magnet. A 12 volt, 120 watts motor is analyzed through these methods and compared with experimental results of a prototype sample. In case of finite element analysis, commutation effects and short chording of armature winding are treated appropriately and cogging torque and voltage ripple are predicted.