화학공학소재연구정보센터
In Situ, Vol.19, No.2, 155-177, 1995
A MECHANISTIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING WELLBORE PHASE REDISTRIBUTION
Wellbore phase redistribution (WPR) frequently occurs during a shut-in test in wellbores having very compressible fluids, such as low-pressure, single-phase gas and high gas/liquid ratio multiphase fluid mixtures, Including steam: The consequence of WPR is a pressure-buildup signature that deviates greatly from the commonly used constant-storage model, thereby precipitating test interpretation problems. In this work, we present a mechanistic approach to understanding the principal causes for WPR. A simple physical moder,consisting Of a liquid column and a small pocket of segregated gas at the ton, is assumed to mimic a wellbore. The model well cannot receive any fluid from the reservoir upon shut-in; however, backflow from the wellbore into the reservoir is permitted to relieve excess pressure, generated by a rising bubble. A mathematical model is developed for the Idealized well by,studying the rise of a single bubble in the liquid column. The results show that both the wellhead and bottomhole pressures increase with elapsed time as a single gas bubble ascends up the liquid column. The magnitude of pressure rise is a strong function of flow Impediment or skin in the wellbore vicinity, well diameter and its orientation, and wellhead pressure. A comparison of the simplified (exponential). and the rigorous solutions shows good agreement between the two at early times. The proposed model provides a framework for understanding the physical mechanisms that underlie an anomalous pressure rise during a shut-in test, The model, although simplistic in nature, provides some justification for the use of existing empirical methods for interpreting field data.