Transport phenomena in three-dimensional branching channel are important because of their relevance in polymer processing. In this article, an experimental study on viscoelastic flow in a three-dimensional cylindrical branching channel is carried out to investigate variations of flow pattern. Flow visualization in representative symmetric planes is made both for the viscoelastic fluid and Newtonian flow. From the results of the present investigation, the flow field in the three-dimensional cylindrical branching channel is clarified within the range of laminar flow. It is confirmed that corner vortex, shedding vortex, and secondary vortex flow are all obviously changed with the fluid concentration and the Reynolds number, which are much more three-dimensional and complex than the Newtonian fluid, and the flow pattern of the viscoelastic fliud flow largely depends on the Reynolds number and fluid concentration. Even for the viscoelastic flow at the low Reynolds number, shedding vortex and secondary vortex and complex three-dimensional flow occur in the cylinder. The flow field is not symmetric space for the viscoelastic flow and however is fairly symmetric for the Newtonian fluid. The above reasons explain why the flow deflection happens even at the low Reynolds number flow. POLYM. ENG. SCI, 50:32-42, 2010. (C) 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers