Indium (In) was recovered from indium oxide (In2O3) and liquid crystal display (LCD) powder via a chloride volatilization process using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as the chlorination agent. The recovery of In from In2O3 increased with an increasing molar Cl/In ratio in N-2 and air atmospheres. The degree of In recovery at a Cl/In molar ratio of 11 and a temperature of 350 degrees C was 98.7% and 96.6%, for N-2 and air, respectively. The In recovery also increased notably with increasing temperature in N-2 atmosphere. In both atmospheres, the In recovery increased with an increasing degradation temperature of PVC. However, the In recovery from LCD powder was lower than that from In2O3. For LCD powder, the degree of In recovery at a Cl/In molar ratio of 11 and a temperature of 350 degrees C was 66.7% and 54.1%, for N-2 and air, respectively. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.