Desulfurization of JP-5 jet fuel (1172 ppmw S) was investigated by pi-complexation adsorption with AgNO3 supported on mesoporous silica SBA-15 and MCM-41. The average pore sizes of AgNO3/SBA-15 and AgNO3/MCM-41 were 48.8 and 19.1 angstrom, respectively. The results of JP-5 desulfurization showed that significant sulfur breakthrough occurred at similar to 10.0 and similar to 15.0 mL/g by AgNO3/SBA-15 and AgNO3/MCM-41, respectively, at a space velocity of 1.25 h(-1). The spent AgNO3/MCM-41 was regenerated by a simple process (heating in air at 200 degrees C) and similar to 50% of the sulfur capacity was recovered after the first cycle. Molecular orbital calculations show that Cu+ (as that in CuY zeolite) formed stronger pi-complexation bonding with the thiophenic compounds than Ag+ (in AgNO3) as evidenced by experimental heats of adsorption. However, pore diffusion limitation of the large sulfur molecules (alkylated benzothiophenes) became an important factor for desulfurization of high sulfur jet fuels such that the AgNO3-supported mesoporous sorbents yielded substantially better results than Cu(I)Y, although Cu(I)Y was better for a model fuel that contained only small sulfur molecules. Among all sorbents that have been investigated, the AgNO3/MCM-41 sorbent showed the best desulfurization performance for high sulfur jet fuels. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.