Extraction of bitumen with sub- and supercritical water

Jung Hoon Park; Sou Hwan Son

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.28, No.2, 455-460, February, 2011

DOI10.1007/s11814-010-0358-5 Export Citation

Extraction of bitumen with sub- and supercritical water

Jung Hoon Park^†, and Sou Hwan Son

Green House Gas Research Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 71-2, Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-343, Korea

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The sub- and supercritical water extractions of Athabasca oil sand bitumens were studied using a micro reactor. The experiments were carried out in the temperature range of 360-380 oC, pressure 15-30 MPa and water density 0.07-0.65 g/cm3 for 0-2 hrs. The extraction conversion of bitumens increased with solvent power and temperature. A maximum conversion of 24% was obtained after 90 min extraction at the supercritical condition. Hydrogen and carbon mono-oxide were not detected in sub-critical region but in the supercritical region. The supercritical condition was favorable to the hydrogen formation for bitumen extraction. The extraction products were upgraded relative to the original bitumens due to direct hydrolysis of low-energy linkage and H2 formed by water gas shift reaction in supercritical condition. 18% of initial sulfur in bitumen can be removed at maximum conversion condition. The asphaltene contents of the residue were significantly higher than that of original bitumen due to preferential extraction of aromatic compounds in supercritical condition.

Keywords:Bitumen;Supercritical Water;Sulfur Removal;Asphaltenes;Upgrading

[References]

Speight JG, The chemistry and technology of petroleum, 2nd Ed., Marcel Dekker, USA (1991)
Gray MR, Zhao YX, McKnight CM, Komar DA, Carruthers JD, Energy Fuels, 13(5), 1037 (1999)
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Berkowitz N, Calderon J, Fuel Process. Technol., 25(1), 33 (1990)
Subramanian M, Hanson FV, Fuel Process. Technol., 55(1), 35 (1998)
Gearhart JA, Garwin L, Hydrocarb. Process., 55(5), 125 (1976)
Zhao YX, Wei F, Fuel Process. Technol., 89(10), 941 (2008)
Sangon S, Ratanavaraha S, Ngamprasertsith S, Prasassarakich P, Fuel Process. Technol., 87(3), 201 (2006)
Yurum Y, Tugluhan A, Fuel Sci. Technol. Int., 8(2), 87 (1990)
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Funazukuri T, Yokoi S, Wakao N, Fuel., 67(1), 10 (1988)
Park JH, Do Park S, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 41(7), 590 (2008)
Kim KH, Jeon SG, Nho NS, Kim KH, Shin DH, Lee KB, Park HN, Han MW, J. Energy Eng., 17(1), 38 (2008)
Park JH, Joung YO, Park SD, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 24(2), 314 (2007)

[Referenced By]

[Related Articles]

[1] Speight JG, The chemistry and technology of petroleum, 2nd Ed., Marcel Dekker, USA (1991)

[2] Gray MR, Zhao YX, McKnight CM, Komar DA, Carruthers JD, Energy Fuels, 13(5), 1037 (1999)

[3] Miller JD, Misra M, Fuel Process. Technol., 6(1), 27 (1982)

[4] Butler RM, US Patent, 4,344,485 (1982)

[5] Clarke TP, US Patent, 4,240,897 (1980)

[6] Hocking MB, Fuel., 56, 334 (1977)

[7] Nelson WL, Petroleum Refinery Engineering (4th Ed.), McGraw-Hill, USA (1958)

[8] Berkowitz N, Calderon J, Fuel Process. Technol., 25(1), 33 (1990)

[9] Subramanian M, Hanson FV, Fuel Process. Technol., 55(1), 35 (1998)

[10] Gearhart JA, Garwin L, Hydrocarb. Process., 55(5), 125 (1976)

[11] Zhao YX, Wei F, Fuel Process. Technol., 89(10), 941 (2008)

[12] Sangon S, Ratanavaraha S, Ngamprasertsith S, Prasassarakich P, Fuel Process. Technol., 87(3), 201 (2006)

[13] Yurum Y, Tugluhan A, Fuel Sci. Technol. Int., 8(2), 87 (1990)

[14] Kramer R, Levy M, Fuel., 68(6), 702 (1989)

[15] Funazukuri T, Yokoi S, Wakao N, Fuel., 67(1), 10 (1988)

[16] Park JH, Do Park S, J. Chem. Eng. Jpn., 41(7), 590 (2008)

[17] Kim KH, Jeon SG, Nho NS, Kim KH, Shin DH, Lee KB, Park HN, Han MW, J. Energy Eng., 17(1), 38 (2008)

[18] Park JH, Joung YO, Park SD, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 24(2), 314 (2007)