In this study, desulfurization and deashing of Adiyaman-Golbasi lignite by the flotation method were studied. For this purpose, the study was performed in three groups. The effects of solid concentration, NaOH, and HCl on the desliming before flotation were investigated in the first group of experiments. The effects of some parameters that markedly influence the effectiveness of flotation, such as grinding time, solid concentration, pH, collector type and amount, depressant type and amount, and frother type and amount on the flotation were investigated in the second group of experiments. The effects of lake water and sea water on the flotation were investigated in the third group of experiments. The influences of the Aegean Sea water and soda lake water on the removal of total sulfur were found to be important.