The effect of inoculum sources on anaerobic digestion performances of NaOH-treated corn stover was investigated. Four kinds of inoculating sources were used, which were taken from four digesters of dairy manure, swine manure, corn stover, and municipal sludge, respectively. The results showed that compared to the dairy manure, corn stover, and municipal sludge, swine manure obtained 388.7 mLN/VS biogas yield and 211.7 mLNCH4/gVS methane yield, which was 9.8-15.5% and 8.0-10.8% higher than the others. Moreover, the technical digestion time (T80) of swine manure was 22 days, which was 31.3-43.6% shorter than dairy manure, corn stover, and municipal sludge. Swine manure was recommended as the inoculum source for efficient and stable biogas production from NaOH treated corn stover.