PLLA-based eco-composites reinforced with kenaf fiber and rice straw and containing red or yellow pigments have been studied. The mechanical behavior of the composites was tested by DMTA at two different annealing temperatures (65 degrees C and 85 degrees C) and times (15 min and 120 min) as well as at two preparation conditions: vacuum drying and long time at room temperature. A decrease of microhardness was observed during the water absorption tests. Moreover, the rice straw-based composites absorbed more water than the kenaf-ones. Generally, the dyed NFs composites presented better water resistance than undyed ones. The pigments improved the adhesion and led to better mechanical performance. The natural fibers favored the cold crystallization process of PLLA and shifted the cold crystallization peak temperature to lower values, as it was confirmed by DSC measurements. The values of tensile storage modulus obtained after different preparation condition were strongly affected by the process of physical ageing. According to, tan 6 parameter, the samples stored at room temperature for a long time showed the highest amorphous content. The PLLA eco-composite reinforced with kenaf fibers, dyed with the red pigment, and annealed at 85 degrees C for 2 h displays the best mechanical properties. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 116: 1088-1098,2010