The reduction by CO under dry condition of NOx species stored at 350 C onto a Pt-Ba/Al2O3 Lean NOx Trap catalyst is investigated by means of transient response methods (CO-TPSR and CO-ISC experiments) and complementary FTIR spectroscopy. It is shown that the reduction by CO under nearly isothermal conditions of nitrates stored onto Pt Ba/Al2O3 occurs through a Pt-catalyzed pathway which leads mainly to nitrogen and does not proceeds via the thermal decomposition of stored nitrates with release of NOx in the gas phase. The CO-TPSR and CO-ISC experiments and the combined FTIR study show that (i) the reduction of nitrates by CO occurs via a consecutive reaction scheme with formation of nitrites and then of surface isocyanate/cyanate species followed by the reaction of these species with residual nitrites to give nitrogen; (ii) the reaction of NCO species with nitrites to give nitrogen is slower than the reduction of nitrates to give nitrites and then NCO species; (iii) upon contact with oxygen at increasing temperature. NCO species can be re-oxidized to surface nitrites at first and then to surface nitrates; (iv) the formation of nitrogen is observed during the reduction of stored NOx by CO, and during the oxidation of surface NCO species upon oxygen addition and upon admission of NOx in the presence of excess O-2. In all cases, the formation of nitrogen can be explained by the reaction between surface NCO species and nitrites. The mechanism for the reduction of stored NOx by CO under dry and near isothermal conditions is discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.