The shock consolidation of magnesium (Mg)/silicon carbide (SiC) composites using axisymmetric explosive fabrication setup is reported. Pure Mg and SiC powders are consolidated in a three-layered cylindrical assembly with the energy being derived from a high-detonation velocity explosive. The pressure of underwater shock wave is experimentally measured and simulated using AUTODYN 2D. Microstructural characterization of the samples revealed a well-flown Mg matrix enveloping near homogeneous SiC particles. Occasional clustering of SiC particles and interparticle melting is evidenced. Results of microhardness revealed that the presence of SiC particulates led to a substantial increase in the hardness of the composite. Fractography results indicate the lack of formation of ductile dimples, which is attributed to the presence of discontinuous SiC particles. The strengthening mechanism, the absence of reaction products, the structure-property correlation of the shock consolidated composite are discussed.