In this work, aligned and molecularly oriented bone-like PLLA semihollow fiber yarns were manufactured continuously from an optimized homogeneous polymer-solvent-nonsolvent system [PLLA, CH2Cl2, and dimethyl formamide (DMF)] by a single capillary electrospinning via self-bundling technique. Here, it should be emphasized that the self-bundling electrospinning technique, a very facile electrospinning technique with a grounded needle (which is to induce the self-bundling of polymer nanofibers at the beginning of electrospinning process), is used for the alignment and molecular orientation of the polymer fiber, and the take-up speed of the rotating drum for the electrospun fiber yarn collection is very low (0.5 m/s). PLLA can be dissolved in DMF and CH2Cl2 mixed solvent with different ratios. By varying the ratios of mixed solvent system, PLLA electrospun semihollow fiber with the porous inner structure and compact shell wall could be formed, the thickness of the shell and the size of inner pores could be adjusted. The results of polarized FTIR and wide angle X-ray diffraction investigations verified that as-prepared PLLA semihollow fiber yarns were well-aligned and molecularly oriented. Both the formation mechanism of semihollow fibers with core-shell structure and the orientation mechanism of polymer chains within the polymer fibers were all discussed. The as-prepared self-bundling electrospun PLLA fiber yarns possessed enhanced mechanical performance compared with the corresponding conventional electrospun PLLA fibrous nonwoven membranes. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1118-1125, 2010