탈질에서 질소성분 및 유기탄소 농도가 N2O 배출에 미치는 영향

김동진; 김헌기; 김유리; Dong-Jin Kim; Heonki Kim; Yuri Kim

Clean Technology, Vol.17, No.2, 134-141, June, 2011

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탈질에서 질소성분 및 유기탄소 농도가 N2O 배출에 미치는 영향

Effect of Nitrogen Compounds and Organic Carbon Concentrations on N2O Emission during Denitrification

김동진 ^†, 김헌기, 김유리

한림대학교 환경생명공학과, 200-702 강원도 춘천시 옥천동 1

Dong-Jin Kim^†, Heonki Kim, and Yuri Kim

Department of Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology, Hallym University, 1 Okchon, Chunchon, Gangwon 200-702, Korea

E-mail:

초록

본 연구에서는 하폐수 탈질 과정에서 전자수용체의 종류와 농도, 전자공여체/전자수용체(C/N) 비율, 그리고 전자공여체의 복합도(complexity)가 N2O 배출에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 조사하였다. 탈질 질소원의 농도가 높을수록 N2O 배출량도 증가했으며 NO2-를 이용하는 경우가 NO3-에 비해 N2O 배출량이 높아 NO2-가 N2O 배출에 중요한 영향을 미침을 확인하였다. NO2- -N 50 mg/L에서 N2O-N으로의 전환율 9.3%와 수율 9.8%로 가장 높게 나타났으며 NO3- -N은 50 mg/L에서 전환율이 5.6%, 수율은 11.0%로 나타났다. 유기탄소원/질소(C/N) 비율이 감소하면 질소 제거율은 감소하나 N2O로의 전환율은 증가하였다. 실제 하수를 전자공여체로 이용한 경우가 단일 탄소원인 acetate를 이용한 경우에 비해 N2O 배출량이 1/10 이하로 현저히 감소하였다. 이는 복합 탄소원이 전자공여체로 이용될 경우 단일 탄소원(acetate)에 비해 다양한 탈질 대사(경로)를 이용하고 이것이 N2O 배출량 저감에 도움이 되는 것으로 판단된다.

The effects of the compounds and concentrations of nitrogenous electron acceptor, the ratio of electron donor/electron acceptor (C/N), and the complexity of electron donor on the emission of N2O during wastewater denitrification were quantitatively investigated in this study. The higher NO3- and NO2- concentrations, the more N2O emission was observed. NO2- has strong effect on N2O emission as it emitted more N2O than NO3-.50 mg/L of NO2- -N gave the highest conversion (9.3%) and yield (9.8%) of N2O while NO3- -N (50 mg/L) gave 5.6% conversion and 11.0% yield. Lower C/N ratio decreases nitrogen removal efficiency, but it increases the conversion of N2O because of the incomplete denitrification by the limited organic carbon. When real domestic wastewater is used as the electron donor of the denitrification, N2O emission is reduced to 1/10 of the emission when single carbon (acetate) is used. It is thought that multiple carbon source utilizes many denitrification pathways and it seems to be helpful for the reduction of N2O emission.

Keywords:Nitrous oxide (N2O);Denitrification;Acetate;C/N;Nitrite;Nitrate

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Kartal B, Kuypers MMM, Lavik G, Schalk J, Op den Camp HJM, Jetten MSM, Strous M, Environ. Microbiol., 9(3), 635 (2007)
Colliver BB, Stephenson T, Biotechnol. Adv., 18, 219 (2000)
Kampschreur MJ, Temmink H, Kleerebezem R, Jetten MSM, van Loosdrecht MCM, Wat. Res., 43, 4093 (2009)
Itokawa H, Hanaki K, Matsuo T, Wat. Res., 35(3), 657 (2001)
Park KY, Inamori Y, Mizuochi M, Ahn KH, J. Biosci. Bioeng., 90(3), 247 (2000)
Wrage N, Velthof GL, van Beusichem ML, Oenema M, Soil Biol. Biochem., 33, 1723 (2001)
Lemaire R, Meyer R, Taske A, Crocetti GR, Keller J, Yuan Z, J. Biotechnol., 122(1), 62 (2006)

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[1] Schulthess RV, Gujer W, Wat. Res., 30(3), 521 (1996)

[2] Chung YC, Chung MS, Wat. Sci. Tech., 42(3-4), 23 (2000)

[3] Hanaki K, Hong Z, Matsuo T, Wat. Sci.Tech., 26(5-6), 1027 (1992)

[4] Pollice A, Tandoi V, Lestingi C, Wat. Res., 36, 2541 (2002)

[5] Otte S, Grobben NG, Robertson LA, Jetten MSM, Kuenen JG, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62(7), 2421 (1996)

[6] Schulthess RV, Kuehni M, Gujer W, Wat. Res., 29(1), 215 (1995)

[7] Vadivelu VM, Yuan Z, Fux C, Keller J, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40(14), 4442 (2006)

[8] Tallec G, Garnier J, Billen G, Gousailles M, Wat. Res., 40(15), 2972 (2006)

[9] Sumer E, Weiske A, Benckiser G, Ottow JCG, Experientia., 51(4), 419 (1995)

[10] Schalk-Otte S, Seviour RJ, Kuenen JG, Jetten MSM, Wat. Res., 34(7), 2080 (2000)

[11] Bock E, Schmidt I, Stuven R, Zart D, Arch. Microbiol., 163, 16 (1995)

[12] Kartal B, Kuypers MMM, Lavik G, Schalk J, Op den Camp HJM, Jetten MSM, Strous M, Environ. Microbiol., 9(3), 635 (2007)

[13] Colliver BB, Stephenson T, Biotechnol. Adv., 18, 219 (2000)

[14] Kampschreur MJ, Temmink H, Kleerebezem R, Jetten MSM, van Loosdrecht MCM, Wat. Res., 43, 4093 (2009)

[15] Itokawa H, Hanaki K, Matsuo T, Wat. Res., 35(3), 657 (2001)

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[17] Wrage N, Velthof GL, van Beusichem ML, Oenema M, Soil Biol. Biochem., 33, 1723 (2001)

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