Solid State Ionics, Vol.186, No.1, 53-58, 2011
In situ study of the sintering of a lead phosphovanadate in an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope
The in situ sintering of a powder of Pb-3(VO4)(1.6)(PO4)(0.4) composition was performed in an Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope. The electric current induced by the electron beam was found to reduce the effective temperature of sintering as well as to accelerate the kinetics of shrinkage of a cluster composed of sub-micrometric grains of material. The presence of the residual current flow in the cluster during observation for in situ experiments helps to reduce the apparent sintering temperatures from 50 to 150 degrees C compared to conventional heating conditions without current. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.